Model answer & approach
- How would you appropriate to characterise G. S. Ghurye as a practitioner of 'theoretical pluralism' ? (Answer in 150 words)
Introduction
The label fits Ghurye's practice well and his theory poorly.
Body
1. What theoretical pluralism means: A scholar is a pluralist when the framework follows the problem rather than a prior commitment, so that textual, historical, ethnographic and statistical evidence are used together.
2. Where his work shows it: Caste and Race in India (1932) combines philology, Indological reading and Risley's own anthropometric data to reject the racial theory of caste. The Scheduled Tribes argues historically for assimilation, against Elwin's isolationism. Indian Sadhus is an ethnography of asceticism and Cities and Civilization urban sociology; he wrote on costume and architecture with equal readiness.
3. Where the label fits badly: The variety is eclectic rather than synthesised, and one commitment runs through it, a civilisational reading that treats Hindu tradition as the integrating force. He founded no school of method, though he trained Srinivas, Karve and Desai and founded the Indian Sociological Society.
Conclusion
The pluralism lies in the evidence he used, not in the theory he held.
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