How can you assess the significance of social movements in the digital era? Explain. (Answer in 150 words)

- How can you assess the significance of social movements in the digital era? Explain. (Answer in 150 words)
Introduction
Digital movements are significant by every measure except the one that decides outcomes.

Body

1. What the digital era changes: Mobilisation no longer requires a standing organisation. Castells's networked movements assemble around a grievance circulated on platforms, so numbers arrive in days that unions took years to build, and the cost of joining falls to almost nothing.

2. The measures of significance: Judge them by the numbers reached; by agenda-setting, whether an issue enters public and parliamentary argument; by institutional outcome in law, policy or resignation; and by what survives when the moment passes.

3. What those measures yield: On the first three, substantial: India's #MeToo disclosures of 2018 ended careers and forced workplace committees into use, and the farmers' movement of 2020-21 combined digital coordination with physical occupation and won repeal of three laws. On the fourth, weak — Tufekci argues movements that scale without building organisation cannot negotiate or absorb defeat, and states answer with surveillance and internet shutdowns.

Conclusion
Digital tools have lowered the cost of assembly without lowering the cost of winning.