Do you think that in a society like India orthogenetic changes take place through differentiation ? Do you observe continuities in the orthogenetic process ? Elaborate your answer with suitable examples. (Answer in 350 words)

- Do you think that in a society like India orthogenetic changes take place through differentiation ? Do you observe continuities in the orthogenetic process ? Elaborate your answer with suitable examples. (Answer in 350 words)
Introduction
Change in India that grows from within does proceed by differentiation, but it differentiates without discarding, so the older form usually survives beside the new one.
Body
1. Orthogenetic change and differentiation together: Redfield and Singer called orthogenetic the change that carries a society's own moral order forward, as against heterogenetic change imported from outside. Differentiation is the separation of a once-undivided institution into specialised parts. Taken together they describe change in an indigenous idiom producing functionally distinct structures.
2. Change from within does work by differentiation: Caste, once a single matrix of ritual rank, occupation and local power, has separated into these components: ritual rank persists in marriage, occupation has detached from birth, and power now runs through electoral numbers. The caste association is the clearest instance, an ascriptive group that has thrown off a modern organisational arm with membership fees, hostels and candidates. The joint family has differentiated similarly, with the residential unit nucleating while the property and ritual unit holds. Religious functions once fused in the temple are now split between statutory endowment boards, sect organisations and the domestic shrine. Education has moved out of the caste-craft and the gurukul into schools and examinations that certify skill independently of birth.
3. The continuities that run through it: Srinivas's sanskritisation shows mobility pursued through the very hierarchy it climbs, leaving the structure intact. Marriage remains overwhelmingly within caste, and survey evidence puts inter-caste unions in the low single digits. Milton Singer found Madras industrialists compartmentalising, running rational firms and orthodox households without contradiction. Business communities such as the Marwaris and Chettiars turned caste networks into industrial capital, and Marriott's Kishan Garhi showed the great and little traditions feeding each other by universalisation and parochialisation.
4. A verdict holding both answers together: Both questions take the same answer, and for the same reason. Change from within does separate functions, and the older form persists beside the new precisely because the idiom of change is itself traditional; differentiation here multiplies structures instead of replacing them.
Conclusion
That is why the new order and the old are visible in the same household.