Discuss the nature of Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly after the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization Act, 2019. Briefly describe the powers and functions of the Assembly of the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. (Answer in 150 words)

- Discuss the nature of Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly after the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization Act, 2019. Briefly describe the powers and functions of the Assembly of the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. (Answer in 150 words)
Introduction
The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization Act, 2019 bifurcated the former state into two Union Territories — Jammu & Kashmir (with a Legislative Assembly) and Ladakh (without one), effective from 31 October 2019.
Body
1. Nature of the Legislative Assembly:
The Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir now functions like Delhi and Puducherry, having a legislative assembly but limited autonomy under the control of the Lieutenant Governor (LG).
- The Assembly consists of 107 seats, with 24 reserved for areas under Pakistani occupation, making 83 seats functional.
- The LG acts as the constitutional head, and the Council of Ministers aids and advises him on matters under the legislature’s domain.
2. Powers and Functions:
- The Assembly can make laws on subjects in the State List and Concurrent List, except public order, police, and land, which remain under the Centre.
- It exercises control over budget, governance, and welfare policies within these limits.
Conclusion
Post-2019, Jammu and Kashmir’s Assembly represents limited legislative autonomy within a Union Territory framework, balancing democratic governance with enhanced central oversight for security and integration.