Synchronise the developmental programmes and social change in India, and describe them through visible and lived experiences. (Answer in 350 words)

- Synchronise the developmental programmes and social change in India, and describe them through visible and lived experiences. (Answer in 350 words)
Introduction
India's development programmes are best judged not by their outlay but by what they altered in ordinary life.
Body
1. The kinds of development programme at issue: Four. Institutional: the Community Development Programme of 1952 and panchayati raj, given constitutional standing by the 73rd Amendment in 1992. Productive: land reform, the Green Revolution package, cooperative credit and dairying. Entitlement: the public distribution system under the National Food Security Act, the mid-day meal, child development services and the employment guarantee of 2005. Infrastructural: village roads, rural electrification, sanitation, cooking gas and piped water.
2. The social changes to be matched against them: Attached and bonded labour has largely given way to wage work and the jajmani tie has gone. Caste rank and class position have come apart, so ritual standing no longer predicts wealth. Women hold public roles they did not hold before, as elected representatives, members of savings groups and workers on public works. Aspiration has replaced the assumption that a son does his father's work, and schooling and migration carry it. And the village has ceased to be the unit of life, because income now arrives from outside it.
3. Programmes paired with the change each brought: The employment guarantee put a statutory wage floor under rural labour, which is what loosened the labourer's dependence on one landowner; women are more than half the person-days worked under it. The 73rd Amendment's reserved seats produced over a million elected women and reserved chairs for Scheduled Castes, changing who sits on the dais even where a husband still speaks. Mid-day meals raised attendance and put children of every caste in a single row to eat. All-weather roads carried girls to secondary school and labour to the town. The Green Revolution made the middle peasant, and the savings-group movement, Kudumbashree above all, made the rural woman a borrower.
4. The same shown through visible and lived experience: What is visible is a concrete road where a track was, an electric pole, a cylinder in the kitchen in place of a smoking hearth, a toilet that ends the wait for darkness, a pucca room, a hand pump that Dalits draw from. What is lived is more mixed: the school where children eat together may still hold a quarrel over who cooks, the guarantee wage may arrive months late, and the woman on the dais may be handed a pen and shown where to sign.
Conclusion
The programmes did not make a new society, but they distributed small quantities of security, and security is what changes what people will refuse.