Give a sociological explanation of violence against women in India. What suggestions would you give to mitigate these violences? (Answer in 350 words)

- Give a sociological explanation of violence against women in India. What suggestions would you give to mitigate these violences? (Answer in 350 words)
Introduction
Violence against women here is not an aggregate of bad marriages but the enforcement of arrangements that hold women in place.
Body
1. The social arrangements that produce this violence: Kinship comes first: patrilineal descent with patrilocal residence sends a bride among strangers, and northern village exogamy places her beyond reach of her own kin; as Leela Dube showed, such rules position a woman before any individual acts. Property follows: daughters inherit in law under the 2005 succession amendment and rarely in practice, so her claim on the house she lives in is weak, while dowry makes her a cost to be recovered. Marriage is arranged to preserve caste endogamy, so a woman's own choice of partner is read as an attack on the group, which produces honour killings and caste panchayat verdicts. Sexual violence enforces caste power against Dalit and Adivasi women, as the atrocities Act of 1989 recognises. And the household is the principal site: the National Family Health Survey finds close to a third of ever-married women reporting violence by a husband.
2. Why social causes explain it better than individual ones: Because the pattern is not random. The largest head in the National Crime Records Bureau's returns is cruelty by a husband or his relatives, which places the violence in the ordinary family rather than in deviant men. Rates differ by state and community in ways individual pathology cannot explain, and move with dowry, the sex ratio and women's earnings.
3. The measures you suggest: Enforce what exists before legislating more: protection officers under the Domestic Violence Act of 2005 are too few, one-stop centres thinly staffed, and money set aside for women's safety unspent. Reform the response: mandatory registration, women's help desks, forensic capacity and time-bound trials, since low conviction is itself a cause. Change the woman's position, not only the offender's: register land and housing in women's names, raise labour force participation, fund safe transport and hostels, because a woman who can leave is treated differently. Extend the 2013 workplace Act's committees to informal work, where most women actually are. Work on boys and men through the school curriculum, and hold caste panchayats accountable for honour verdicts.
4. How those measures follow from the explanation: If the causes are kinship, property and honour, punishment after the event cannot be the main instrument. Each measure removes one support of the structure: the woman's dependence, the impunity of the enforcer, or the norm that makes violence legible as discipline.
Conclusion
What has to change is the cost of leaving and the price of enforcing honour.