Arthashastra of Kautilya means the science of economics of livelihood of the people. Comment. (Answer in 150 words)

- Arthashastra of Kautilya means the science of economics of livelihood of the people. Comment. (Answer in 150 words)
Introduction
Kautilya’s Arthashastra (circa 4th century BCE) literally means the “science of wealth,” but in its deeper sense, it refers to the economics of livelihood and welfare of the people. It presents a holistic view of governance where economic policy and administration are directed toward sustaining the prosperity of both the ruler and the ruled.
Body
Kautilya viewed the State’s economic strength as the foundation of political stability. He emphasized that the king’s foremost duty was to ensure “Yogakshema”—the welfare and security of citizens—through efficient management of resources, agriculture, trade, and taxation. The Arthashastra outlines policies on irrigation, land revenue, public works, and market regulation, all aimed at creating employment and prosperity.
The text also advocates ethical economic governance, balancing state control with individual enterprise, and ensuring that wealth generation supports social order and justice.
Conclusion
Thus, the Arthashastra transcends mere statecraft; it represents an early vision of developmental economics, where the prosperity of the people constitutes the true measure of good governance and national strength.