"With the waning of globalization, post-Cold War world is becoming a site of sovereign nationalism." Elucidate. (Answer in 150 words)

- "With the waning of globalization, post-Cold War world is becoming a site of sovereign nationalism." Elucidate. (Answer in 150 words)
Introduction
The post-Cold War era initially witnessed rapid globalization, marked by liberal trade, interdependence, and supranational institutions. However, recent years show a shift toward sovereign nationalism, where nations reassert autonomy over global integration.
Body
1. Decline of Globalization: Events like the 2008 financial crisis, COVID-19 pandemic, and geopolitical tensions exposed vulnerabilities of global supply chains, prompting nations to prioritize self-reliance and security over openness.
2. Rise of Sovereign Nationalism: Countries increasingly emphasize economic protectionism, border control, and technological sovereignty—for example, “America First,” Brexit, and India’s Atmanirbhar Bharat.
Nations are reasserting control over digital data, defense production, and critical resources.
1. Multipolarity and Strategic Autonomy: Emerging powers pursue strategic autonomy to balance global influence, signaling a move from global governance to national interest-driven politics.
Conclusion
The waning of globalization marks the rise of sovereign nationalism, where states redefine globalization’s terms to protect economic, cultural, and political sovereignty in an increasingly fragmented world.