Match a Gandhi quotation to the phase whose method it names: law-breaking defiance belongs to Civil Disobedience, negotiation and Do-or-Die belong elsewhere.
(b) publicly violating Salt Law at Dandi
This occurred in 1917, focusing on the plight of indigo farmers in Bihar. Gandhi’s approach was experimental here and focused more on truth and non-violence, not sedition.
The Second Round Table Conference was held in 1931. Gandhi attended as the sole representative of the Indian National Congress. This was a time of negotiation, not of defiant rhetoric like the sedition statement.
Launched in 1942, Gandhi gave the famous "Do or Die" speech during this time. The phrase in question was not used during this phase.
| Event | Details |
|---|---|
| Movement | Civil Disobedience Movement |
| Date of Dandi March | 12 March – 6 April 1930 |
| Place | Dandi, Gujarat |
| Action | Gandhi broke the salt law by producing salt from seawater |
| Significance | Sparked nationwide non-violent protests; challenged British monopoly on salt |
| Result | Mass arrests, including Gandhi; major step in India’s freedom struggle |
| Term / Concept | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Sedition (Section 124A IPC) | Law used by the British to silence dissent by criminalizing anti-government speech |
| Civil Disobedience | Strategy of deliberately disobeying unjust laws in a non-violent manner |
| Salt Law | British-imposed monopoly on salt production and sale in India |
| Gandhi’s Philosophy | Satyagraha, non-violence (Ahimsa), and civil resistance against colonial rule |
| Concept / Term | Explanation / Relevance |
|---|---|
| Sedition (Section 124A IPC) | Law used by the British to imprison people accused of inciting disaffection against the State. Gandhi was often charged under this section. |
| Salt Satyagraha (Dandi March) | A pivotal act of civil disobedience in 1930 where Gandhi marched to Dandi to break the British monopoly on salt. |
| Civil Disobedience Movement | Launched in 1930, it aimed at defying British laws (like the salt tax) through non-violent protests. |
| Dandi | A coastal village in Gujarat where Gandhi produced salt on 6 April 1930, breaking the Salt Law. |
| Satyagraha | Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violent resistance or "truth force" against injustice. |
| Ahimsa (Non-violence) | A core principle of Gandhi's movement, rejecting violence in thought, word, and action. |
| Round Table Conferences | Negotiation meetings held in London (1930–32) to discuss constitutional reforms for India. Gandhi attended only the Second. |
| Quit India Movement (1942) | A later mass movement where Gandhi gave the "Do or Die" call, demanding British withdrawal. |
| Champaran Satyagraha (1917) | Gandhi’s first major experiment with satyagraha in India, focused on indigo farmers’ rights. |
| Gandhi-Irwin Pact (1931) | Agreement between Mahatma Gandhi and Viceroy Lord Irwin leading to suspension of the Civil Disobedience Movement and Gandhi’s participation in the Second Round Table Conference. |