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UPSC Mains 2026Question 20General Studies 1Indian Society250 words

Evaluate the impact of globalization on Indian youths with reference to social, political, economic and cultural spheres. (Answer in 250 words)

Model answer & approach

- Evaluate the impact of globalization on Indian youths with reference to social, political, economic and cultural spheres. (Answer in 250 words)
Introduction
Globalization has deeply influenced Indian youth by expanding opportunities, ideas and aspirations, while also generating new inequalities, identity tensions and social pressures across multiple spheres.
Body
Social Impact:
1. Greater exposure to global lifestyles has encouraged individualism, gender equality and social mobility.
2. Digital connectivity has expanded peer networks and access to information.
3. However, social media has also contributed to mental stress, cyberbullying, consumerism and weakening of traditional community ties.
Political Impact:
1. Youth are increasingly exposed to global ideas of democracy, human rights, climate justice and social movements.
2. Social media enables political participation, online campaigns and rapid mobilization.
3. At the same time, misinformation, polarization and echo chambers can distort political understanding.
Economic Impact:
1. Globalization has created opportunities in IT, start-ups, outsourcing, e-commerce and global services.
2. It has increased access to international education, employment and entrepreneurship.
3. Yet, competition, automation and informal employment have produced job insecurity and skill mismatches.
Cultural Impact:
1. Indian youth increasingly consume global music, food, fashion and entertainment.
2. This has promoted cultural hybridity, seen in fusion cuisine, music and media.
3. Conversely, excessive westernization may contribute to erosion of local languages, traditions and indigenous cultural practices.
Conclusion
Thus, globalization has empowered Indian youth with unprecedented opportunities and exposure, but its benefits depend on digital literacy, skill development, cultural confidence and inclusive economic growth.
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